<!DOCTYPE session [<!ENTITY % sessionEntities SYSTEM "session.ent"> %sessionEntities; ]>

<session>

  <observer>
    <name>David Pearson</name>
    <email>davep@davep.org</email>
    <homepage>http://www.davep.org/</homepage>
  </observer>

  <when>
    <from>2005-08-15T20:24Z</from>
    <to>2005-08-15T22:55Z</to>
  </when>

  <location>
    <name>Billingborough</name>
    <note>South Lincolnshire, UK</note>
    <position>
      <latitude>52.893649</latitude>
      <longitude>-0.340233</longitude>
      <altitude units="m">10</altitude>
    </position>
  </location>

  <equipment>
    <item>Naked Eye</item>
    <item>Sky-Watcher Explorer 130M</item>
  </equipment>

  <index type="general">
    <item>Messier</item>
    <item>Cygnus</item>
    <item>Lyra</item>
    <item>Ursa Major</item>
    <item>Hercules</item>
    <item>Andromeda</item>
    <item>Galaxy</item>
    <item>Drawing</item>
    <item>Double</item>
    <item>Iridium Flare</item>
    <item>Satellite</item>
    <item>Meteor</item>
    <item>Mars</item>
    <item>Planet</item>
    <item>Cluster</item>
  </index>

  <index type="messier">
    <item>13</item>
    <item>31</item>
    <item>32</item>
  </index>

  <index type="NGC">
    <item>6205</item>
    <item>224</item>
    <item>221</item>
  </index>

  <index type="constellation">
    <item>And</item>
    <item>Lyr</item>
    <item>Cyg</item>
    <item>Her</item>
    <item>UMa</item>
  </index>

  <note>
    <p>
      The main reason for venturing out was to give the 130M a proper "run
      under the stars" after
      <a class="ext" href="http://davep-astro.blogspot.com/2005/08/fear-of-mirrors-ii-when-mirrors-attack.html">center
      spotting the primary mirror</a> on 2005-08-13. Also, before heading
      out, I use a laser collimator to try and improve the collimation. I
      didn't plan on doing any star-tests tonight &mdash; I just wanted to
      see how well I got on with the 'scope having actually had the mirror
      out of it.
    </p>
    <p>
      Moon was a waxing gibbous quite low in the sky (not visible from my
      position). There was some thin haze in parts of the sky but no
      noticeable clouds. Temperature was cool but still warm enough to be
      out in a t-shirt.
    </p>
    <p>
      When I started out the sky was still somewhat light.
    </p>
  </note>

  <observations>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T20:24Z</from>
        <to>2005-08-15T21:05Z</to>
      </when>      

      <title>General testing</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          Started out by pointing the 'scope at <star>Mizar</star>. With the
          25mm eyepiece there was some obvious "flaring" of the brighter
          stars in the field. I could also see, from time to time, a faint
          "rainbow" effect in the flare. At this point I had trouble
          recalling exactly how bright stars used to look in the 'scope.
          I've always seen some flaring but &mdash; never having really made
          a point of noting <strong>exactly</strong> how it appeared &mdash;
          I didn't really have anything to compare. Lesson for the future:
          make notes about the really obvious things such as how stars look
          before you do some work on your 'scope.
        </p>
        <p>
          With the 15mm eyepiece the flare (which, at times, looked like a
          very tight double image of each bright star) had a noticeable
          difference in appearance either side of best focus. When unfocused
          either side there was the impression of an oval effect to the
          unfocused stars. Either side of focus the orientation of the oval
          would rotate 90&degree;. As I understand it this is evidence of
          astigmatism in the primary or secondary mirror! I don't think I've
          ever noticed this before (not that I've ever really gone looking
          for it before).
        </p>
        <p>
          I tried a few things to see if the oval effect would differ: I
          changed eyes (no difference), changed my orientation at the
          eyepiece (no difference) and rotated the eyepiece in the focuser
          (no difference).
        </p>
        <p>
          I then tested with the 10mm and then 6mm eyepieces and, as best as
          I could tell, the oval effect wasn't noticeable. Most confusing.
        </p>
        <p>
          The more I thought about it the more I felt that what I was seeing
          actually wasn't any worse than the 'scope used to be. Also,
          there's the fact that I don't generally know what a bright star
          should look like through a smallish Newtonian Reflector.
        </p>
        <p>
          I wished that I'd had Jupiter or Saturn around still so that I
          could compare how things looked with a more "substantial" target.
        </p>
      </notes>

    </observation>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T21:01Z</from>
      </when>      

      <title>Meteor</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          Saw a reasonably bright meteor pass roughly North to South through
          <const>Lyr</const>.
        </p>
      </notes>

    </observation>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T21:10Z</from>
      </when>      

      <title>Probable Iridium Flare</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          Saw a very bright Iridium Flare in <const>UMa</const> &mdash; just
          below the "handle" of "The Plough". I got the impression that it
          was one of the brightest flares I've ever seen. It was a
          <strong>lot</strong> brighter than any of the stars in
          <const>UMa</const>.
        </p>
      </notes>

    </observation>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T21:25Z</from>
        <to>2005-08-15T21:45Z</to>
      </when>      

      <title>M13</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          After the slight annoyance and frustration early on in the session
          I decided to try the 'scope out on a DSO and opted for an easy
          target: <messier>13</messier>. Initial impression with the 25mm
          eyepiece was that it looked magnificent! While it looked like a
          cometary-like "blob" (as I'd noted in a 
          <logref log="20050606">previous observing session</logref>) there was,
          this time, the occasional faint hint that it was comprised of lots
          of stars. It wasn't so much that I could see stars, it was more a
          case of it looking slightly "grainy" from time to time.
        </p>
        <p>
          Made a sketch via the 25mm eyepiece:
        </p>
        <image big="2005-08-15-M13.jpg" width="498" height="512" alt="Sketch of M13">2005-08-15-M13-Half.jpg</image>
      </notes>

    </observation>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T21:49Z</from>
      </when>      

      <title>Possible "late" Perseid</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          Saw a faint meteor pass through <const>And</const>. Was very quick
          (less than a second I'd have said) and, given the direction of
          travel, it looked like it might have been a "late" Perseid.
        </p>
      </notes>

    </observation>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T21:52Z</from>
      </when>      

      <title>Satellite between Cygnus and Lyra</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          Watched a faint satellite go roughly North to South, more or less
          via the zenith, and pass between <const>Cyg</const> and
          <const>Lyr</const>. It seemed to occult a faint (to the naked eye)
          star somewhere between the two constellations. Unfortunately, at
          the time, I wasn't in a position to note which one it was.
        </p>
      </notes>

    </observation>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T21:53Z</from>
        <to>2005-08-15T22:01Z</to>
      </when>      

      <title>M13</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          Went back to M13, this time with the 15mm eyepiece. Appeared
          slightly brighter. There was now a hint that it's made of actual
          stars with the grainy appearance mentioned above being much more
          pronounced. While doing viewing a thin but obscuring line of cloud
          (might even have been a <gloss>contrail</gloss>) moved into the
          area and made observing rather hard. Somewhat annoying as I was
          about to start a sketch of what it looked like with the 15mm
          eyepiece.
        </p>
      </notes>

    </observation>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T22:12Z</from>
        <to>2005-08-15T22:55Z</to>
      </when>      

      <title>M31 (and possibly M32)</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          <messier>31</messier> is now in a position where I can see it
          with the 'scope. First looked at it with the 25mm eyepiece. M31
          itself was obvious but, at the same time, indistinct. There was an
          obvious brightness difference between what I assume is the central
          bulge and between the disk. There was no hint of any sort of
          structure and the whole thing had the appearance of a sort of
          light-gray "mist". The fact that I was looking in the direction of
          a street-light and that there was still a very faint haze in the
          sky probably wasn't helping matters.
        </p>
        <p>
          After a short while I noticed that a star in the field was
          actually rather "fuzzy" when compared to all the other stars.
          Started to wonder if what I was seeing was <messier>32</messier>.
          My initial impression was that it was further away from M31 than
          I'd imagined it would appear to be but, that said, that impression
          is formed from the photographs I've seen of M31 (which obviously
          show a lot more of the galaxy than I'd be seeing through my
          'scope).
        </p>
        <p>
          Checking with a chart I had to hand the fuzzy object did appear to
          be in about the right location for M32. To be sure I went and
          checked with my copy of <em>Sky Atlas 2000</em> and, looking at
          that, I convinced myself that I wasn't seeing M32 (based on the
          pattern of stars near it which seemed to be in SA2000 but not in
          the correct position for M32). Lesson here: be sure of the width
          of the field of view of the eyepiece so you can make good
          estimates of separation of objects.
        </p>
        <p>
          Switched to the 15mm eyepiece. The "fuzzy star" still had a fuzzy
          appearance and still looked quite different from all other stars
          in the field.
        </p>
        <p>
          Switched back to the 25mm eyepiece and made the following sketch:
        </p>
        <image big="2005-08-15-M31.jpg" width="546" height="512" alt="Sketch of M31">2005-08-15-M31-Half.jpg</image>
        <p>
          At <time>2005-08-15T22:55Z</time> I finished the session.
        </p>
      </notes>

    </observation>

    <observation>

      <when>
        <from>2005-08-15T22:55Z</from>
      </when>      

      <title>Mars pops up</title>

      <notes>
        <p>
          As I was starting to pack up I noticed that <planet>Mars</planet>
          had popped up over the roofs of the houses to the East of me. I
          did consider setting up the 'scope again to have a look at it but
          given that it was still low down and given that it was very close
          to a street-light I decided to save that for another night when
          conditions were a little more favourable.
        </p>
      </notes>

    </observation>

  </observations>

</session>
